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<span style="font-size: 12px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Forest Science News is brought to you by the </span><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001wxbqVHaHkgT2gyvtTbb58p5QiqLBZLJO9EaeSwFHoaj-Z2NXx2SUUA0rrDa5RJmN_JCNg6LWG5vX2ip0_F_ED6fcYnRmt6U7_CwEOBCp_LfnOKngnnRlGeEd4uFv1Qmxf2nhq3LY_XM2hJN5_4L73RgqRkWcdz-E-2CF6YVeoZILY3NZ6gmby5hWLmiflCur&c=gKvJeK4FeJoNwSW1ONgr2ib7WsulCjbuwqeHBYotJ1J2NJsbn4GZXA==&ch=XBxxBk0F1l9i40ojmvnP8CQNoj7QVAHVV48WK99OEUopEd-aflbKIQ==" target="_blank" style="font-size: 12px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; text-decoration: underline;">Hubbard Brook Research Foundation</a><span style="font-size: 12px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span>
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<div class="text-container galileo-ap-content-editor"><div><div><span style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">March 2019</span></div></div></div>
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<div><span style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold;">Young, fast-growing forests provide a substantial carbon sink</span></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(30, 30, 30);">Using a combination of tree age data and modeling software, an international group of researchers calculated how much carbon the world&#x2019;s forests stored between 1981-2010. They split the forests into two categories: old-growth forests and forests that are in the process of regrowing after disturbances to the land such as farming. They found that old-growth forests worldwide sequestered between 0.95 and 1.11 billion metric tons of carbon per year, while forests younger than 140 years old&#x2014;including many temperate forests in North America&#x2014;sequestered between 1.17 billion and 1.66 billion metrics tons of carbon per year. The study suggests that these regenerating forests may be able to sequester an additional 50 billion metric tons of carbon as they continue to grow&#x2014;equivalent to about seven years&#x2019; worth of fossil fuel emissions. The authors stress, however, that the amount of carbon the world&#x2019;s forests can sequester is finite, and it remains crucial to find strategies to reduce emissions.</span><span style="color: rgb(30, 30, 30); font-size: 16px; font-family: Cambria, Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"> </span>
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<span style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-weight: bold;">Article: </span><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001wxbqVHaHkgT2gyvtTbb58p5QiqLBZLJO9EaeSwFHoaj-Z2NXx2SUULq08Ahu2LvC6hz0XUtS6hkyGcM5CGaLrXfgHE-G1RXCS329-B0QnYjh3jR30Sx7X_hfYXd3lev2smkTNqnL7manQ53ChNyiA-tU3WSuLMQXkh9gSJyKQZk4IchucOG-VBwkgPdKfW7pWtKRqfoAAiP71LlygAdMeqxbkj-X_0AuMQeMFmBMud07a0dfrU0UEA==&c=gKvJeK4FeJoNwSW1ONgr2ib7WsulCjbuwqeHBYotJ1J2NJsbn4GZXA==&ch=XBxxBk0F1l9i40ojmvnP8CQNoj7QVAHVV48WK99OEUopEd-aflbKIQ==" target="_blank" style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(100, 152, 58); font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; text-decoration: underline;">Mongabay</a>
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<span style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-weight: bold;">Abstract: </span><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001wxbqVHaHkgT2gyvtTbb58p5QiqLBZLJO9EaeSwFHoaj-Z2NXx2SUULq08Ahu2LvCv7x4LLvaQ7CsIm_D2EzY8DBIob73CdVSEZxtiH18iGGU18GuzSEjc4OWj15PGRr621_r2FJHXCSnPJ5LEKpP-uuye3UXAPG8zFF4EBin3-0=&c=gKvJeK4FeJoNwSW1ONgr2ib7WsulCjbuwqeHBYotJ1J2NJsbn4GZXA==&ch=XBxxBk0F1l9i40ojmvnP8CQNoj7QVAHVV48WK99OEUopEd-aflbKIQ==" target="_blank" style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(100, 152, 58); font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; text-decoration: underline;">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</a>
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<div><span style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-weight: bold; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Protecting small temperate forests isn't enough to maintain bird diversity</span></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(30, 30, 30);">Establishing protected areas is a widespread strategy for preventing species loss. But a team of researchers publishing in </span><span style="color: rgb(30, 30, 30); font-style: italic;">Biodiversity and Conservation</span><span style="color: rgb(30, 30, 30);"> say there are limited data on how effective this approach is, especially in smaller protected temperate forests. To assess whether protected status succeeds in maintaining bird diversity over the long term, they tracked bird species changes over 40 years in a small protected deciduous forest in New Jersey. They found that nearly half of the bird species seen in the forest at the onset of protection were not present at the end of the study period. What's more, many species that declined in the protected forest over that time period had populations that remained stable or increased within the larger region.&#xa0;The authors conclude that protecting small forest fragments may not always lead to bird conservation success.&#xa0;</span>
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<span style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-weight: bold;">Press Release: </span><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001wxbqVHaHkgT2gyvtTbb58p5QiqLBZLJO9EaeSwFHoaj-Z2NXx2SUULq08Ahu2LvCdA5mCXmPQZs2JoTaBcqvrSRz4aPnUmk4c7qfivooU1FoThwGokCdQveqYjOhGW9bdhxGh6UWWsTT9docX_YXB0cCG0qB9HBg5mCJX-SDXaTKxNgSly_PEtGO2KV8oL3Bm75PCldzkzg=&c=gKvJeK4FeJoNwSW1ONgr2ib7WsulCjbuwqeHBYotJ1J2NJsbn4GZXA==&ch=XBxxBk0F1l9i40ojmvnP8CQNoj7QVAHVV48WK99OEUopEd-aflbKIQ==" target="_blank" style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(100, 152, 58); font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; text-decoration: underline;">Rutgers University</a>
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<span style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-weight: bold;">Abstract: </span><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001wxbqVHaHkgT2gyvtTbb58p5QiqLBZLJO9EaeSwFHoaj-Z2NXx2SUULq08Ahu2LvC482gH6A0Vbt8v9BB_6Cmsbo4gGkidSI5YZWmyj1oYKubQ62hyenN7roQnTFbQE_BrCtmNG7MusCjcHzVQ5rscqA33vb-wH_SQw0Au6mrwCC_rUu_K8i_Iyjx2nb9kQg_X6Cwvkfjg9U=&c=gKvJeK4FeJoNwSW1ONgr2ib7WsulCjbuwqeHBYotJ1J2NJsbn4GZXA==&ch=XBxxBk0F1l9i40ojmvnP8CQNoj7QVAHVV48WK99OEUopEd-aflbKIQ==" target="_blank" style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(100, 152, 58); font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; text-decoration: underline;">Biodiversity and Conservation</a>
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<div><span style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-weight: bold;">Hungry deer change the way sounds move through the forest</span></div>
<div><span style="color: rgb(30, 30, 30);">As white-tailed deer populations increase in North American temperate forests, they change the structure of the habitats they occupy by chowing down on understory trees and shrubs. A team of researchers from Vassar College used sound recordings to determine whether the structure of deer-browsed forest vegetation affects bird communication. After playing recorded trills, tones, and white noise in habitats where deer were present and habitats where they were excluded, the biologists found that although there was no difference in sound amplitude between the two habitat types, the fidelity of the sounds was greater in the deer-browsed habitats. This finding, they write, suggests that although further research is needed, deer browsing could influence songbird behaviors that depend on vocalization&#x2014;such as mate selection and interactions between parents and offspring.&#xa0;&#xa0;</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-weight: bold;">Press Release:</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; font-family: Cambria, Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"> </span><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001wxbqVHaHkgT2gyvtTbb58p5QiqLBZLJO9EaeSwFHoaj-Z2NXx2SUULq08Ahu2LvCgnjG5e9elfsEEFbm93IXeLC0SbPJScK77T1snjkoiRoCKjhLJ2du_nftlIPCMwzLpYkutIvxmV59xuHVVquG1LgiVuEj0_DvSBKCU5EvhZP9wykVDJVJxd1pj2V8C72OTRJs0haJFOcVmxCAbHfe90q1lT2-xU1T&c=gKvJeK4FeJoNwSW1ONgr2ib7WsulCjbuwqeHBYotJ1J2NJsbn4GZXA==&ch=XBxxBk0F1l9i40ojmvnP8CQNoj7QVAHVV48WK99OEUopEd-aflbKIQ==" target="_blank" style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(100, 152, 58); font-style: normal; text-decoration: underline;">Phys.org</a>
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<span style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-weight: bold;">Abstract: </span><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001wxbqVHaHkgT2gyvtTbb58p5QiqLBZLJO9EaeSwFHoaj-Z2NXx2SUULq08Ahu2LvCxPkaoKOjnMkEI3mi6aXCup1_BJsPUZpMEA6CbIERWf8UWTOPrEejQgsewXk0RPJMQtz6BLuNx-YM4jj2XYQma7ceGJIve5WWNmB3gVKcFs-sEqwufUTnXq6C3oO-kL-v-gxlcnU33ATSmlR9-WToLItUS7D_2UBF&c=gKvJeK4FeJoNwSW1ONgr2ib7WsulCjbuwqeHBYotJ1J2NJsbn4GZXA==&ch=XBxxBk0F1l9i40ojmvnP8CQNoj7QVAHVV48WK99OEUopEd-aflbKIQ==" target="_blank" style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(100, 152, 58); font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; text-decoration: underline;">PLoS ONE</a>
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<div><span style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-weight: bold;">Forest ecologists put the icing on top</span></div>
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<span style="color: rgb(30, 30, 30);">On a frigid night last February, a team of Hubbard Brook staff doused an array of angled dowels, pipes, wires, and plates with water until they glistened with a thick coating of ice. This &#x201c;ice farm,&#x201d; set within a 50 by 50 foot plot near the U.S. Forest Service headquarters of the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, was designed to establish an accurate, affordable, and easily-replicated protocol for citizen scientists participating in the </span><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001wxbqVHaHkgT2gyvtTbb58p5QiqLBZLJO9EaeSwFHoaj-Z2NXx2SUULq08Ahu2LvCLKfsWny6T5W93UoM3WF72a1auduD4dYOuMamB6Tzp5OnMk9bhUuJ_oV2yxaJnBRUdY24jXiMO68qgu1RTx820A==&c=gKvJeK4FeJoNwSW1ONgr2ib7WsulCjbuwqeHBYotJ1J2NJsbn4GZXA==&ch=XBxxBk0F1l9i40ojmvnP8CQNoj7QVAHVV48WK99OEUopEd-aflbKIQ==" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(100, 152, 58); font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: underline;">Community Collaborative Rain, Hail & Snow Network</a><span style="color: rgb(30, 30, 30);"> to measure ice accretion. The team took 2,300 measurements that night, and is currently analyzing the data to come up with a standardized technique&#x2014;there is currently no consistent method for measuring ice.</span>
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<span style="color: rgb(30, 30, 30);">This recent experiment is a continuation of the longer-term </span><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001wxbqVHaHkgT2gyvtTbb58p5QiqLBZLJO9EaeSwFHoaj-Z2NXx2SUULq08Ahu2LvCxuJrF7IiAXppdRdaLdW_TIzebzX7tmMx8mDAn1t7_ZvIQaiYzMuqzAZ0Y6FkFePdDNREpESoRfag8NhRk6ioFQwFW30U1TMXDzf-vV_sIePxn4lPq0gDumqfhz7CxEU2k9MYUrQz2xlITxdHcMyeWjkD-eh_GodB0PQnRvM9r9Q=&c=gKvJeK4FeJoNwSW1ONgr2ib7WsulCjbuwqeHBYotJ1J2NJsbn4GZXA==&ch=XBxxBk0F1l9i40ojmvnP8CQNoj7QVAHVV48WK99OEUopEd-aflbKIQ==" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(100, 152, 58); font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: underline;">Ice Storm Experiment</a><span style="color: rgb(30, 30, 30);">, in which researchers created an artificial ice storm in basketball-court-sized forest plots at Hubbard Brook and are monitoring how the ecosystem responds over time.&#xa0;&#xa0;</span>
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<span style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(76, 76, 76); font-weight: bold;">Article:</span> <a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001wxbqVHaHkgT2gyvtTbb58p5QiqLBZLJO9EaeSwFHoaj-Z2NXx2SUUNWmLFHv3cR20wE6Mdyj7CAu7IMy4YE3MVTvJkb9ktzVsuruRKBJBNQwc-rIb8bhXPaTcr9JkAh2v5MPXNFHzOsAqAzB5RpHtweywh1TygHi2UI2ibOC9e-DAoR8RSEC7CvF8UR_YAfInQlH6eSfcy0=&c=gKvJeK4FeJoNwSW1ONgr2ib7WsulCjbuwqeHBYotJ1J2NJsbn4GZXA==&ch=XBxxBk0F1l9i40ojmvnP8CQNoj7QVAHVV48WK99OEUopEd-aflbKIQ==" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(100, 152, 58); font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; text-decoration: underline;">Concord Monitor</a>
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<div class="text-container galileo-ap-content-editor"><div><div><span style="font-size: 12px; font-style: italic;">The above links were curated from news articles and press releases published during February 2019.</span></div></div></div>
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