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<th align="RIGHT" nowrap="nowrap" valign="BASELINE">Subject:
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<td>[everyone] Heather Nicole-Berry Frazier's Final Defense
Monday December 4th @ 1 pm</td>
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<th align="RIGHT" nowrap="nowrap" valign="BASELINE">Date: </th>
<td>Tue, 28 Nov 2017 08:57:38 -0800</td>
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<th align="RIGHT" nowrap="nowrap" valign="BASELINE">From: </th>
<td>Consuelo Rivera <a href="mailto:consuelo@geog.ucsb.edu"><consuelo@geog.ucsb.edu></a></td>
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<th align="RIGHT" nowrap="nowrap" valign="BASELINE">Reply-To:
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<td>Consuelo Rivera <a href="mailto:consuelo@geog.ucsb.edu"><consuelo@geog.ucsb.edu></a></td>
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<th align="RIGHT" nowrap="nowrap" valign="BASELINE">To: </th>
<td><a href="mailto:everyone@geog.ucsb.edu">everyone@geog.ucsb.edu</a></td>
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<br />
<div dir="ltr"><b>Heather Nicole-Berry Frazier's Final Defense
will be next Monday, December 4, 2017 at 1 pm in </b><b style="font-size:12.8px">Ellison Hall 4824 </b><b> </b>
<div><br />
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<div><b style="font-size:12.8px">Advisors: </b><span style="text-indent:0in">John Melack and </span><span style="text-indent:0in">Hugo Loaiciga</span><b style="font-size:12.8px"><br />
</b></div>
<div><span style="text-indent:0in"><br />
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<div><b style="font-size:12.8px">Committee Members: </b><span style="text-indent:0in">John Melack
(co-chair), </span><span style="text-indent:0in">Hugo
Loaiciga
(co-chair) and </span><span style="text-indent:0in">Scott
Cooper</span></div>
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</span></div>
<div><b style="font-size:12.8px">Time: </b>1:00 pm<span style="text-indent:0in"><br />
</span></div>
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<div><b style="font-size:12.8px">Room:</b><b style="font-size:12.8px"> </b><span style="font-size:12.8px">Ellison Hall 4824 (</span><span style="font-size:12.8px">4th floor conference room)</span><br />
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<div><b style="font-size:12.8px">Dissertation Title: </b><span style="text-indent:0in">Ecosystem
productivity and water temperature in coastal California
streams</span><br />
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<div><b style="font-size:12.8px">Abstract: </b>Land use change
is a key driver
of change in stream ecosystems worldwide and poses a
significant risk to
streams in areas with high biodiversity and large human
populations, such as
regions with Mediterranean climates. Two important
characteristics of stream ecosystems,
whole ecosystem metabolism and water temperature, are
sensitive to the changes
caused by urban and agricultural development.<b style="font-size:12.8px"><br />
</b></div>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:normal"> In the first
section of this dissertation,
the effects of urbanization on stream metabolism (gross
primary productivity
(GPP), community respiration (CR), net ecosystem productivity
(NEP), and the
ratio of GPP to CR (P/R)) in Santa Barbara, California were
assessed by
comparing stream metabolism, measured using a single-station
diel oxygen change
method, across 6 streams with varying catchment urban
development between March
and July 2014. Environmental variables at each site were
measured, including
water temperature; light; algal biomass; nutrients (N, P);
dissolved and
particulate organic carbon; specific conductance; total
suspended solids;
canopy openness; water width, depth, and velocity; discharge;
slope; and
elevation. Nitrate concentration was identified as an
important driver of GPP,
NEP, and P/R, and both GPP and nitrate levels were found to be
higher at
developed than undeveloped sites. However, elevation was found
to be a
potential confounding factor in the study, especially for CR,
which was
significantly higher at higher elevation sites. GPP, NEP, and
P/R were related
to multiple urban metrics and leaking septic fields were
identified as a
potential nitrate source driving GPP and P/R.<br />
</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:normal"> In the
second section of this
dissertation, the thermal environment of Santa Barbara streams
was
characterized using water temperature data collected between
2001 and 2015 in
21 stream locations. Temperatures exceeding the upper
tolerance limits (25°C) for
the endangered, native southern California steelhead trout (<i>Oncorhynchus
mykiss</i>) were identified and
the effects of agricultural, urban, and undeveloped land use
on water
temperatures were assessed. Sub-lethal temperatures for
southern California steelhead
trout were found at most sites, but a subset of sites in key
watersheds for
steelhead conservation efforts sometimes exceeded lethal
limits. The warmest
sites lacked riparian vegetation, the coolest sites were at
high elevations,
and the sites with small annual temperature ranges were
located where significant
groundwater influence was expected. Mean and maximum daily
temperatures, in the
spring and summer, were positively related to percent
impervious surface cover,
with evidence that the relationship was driven by warm
temperatures at
channelized sites. Excluding the channelized sites, minimum
daily temperatures
in the spring and summer were positively related to percent
impervious cover,
with or without the inclusion of high elevation sites,
possibly indicating
warmer groundwater inputs to streams in the urban areas of
Santa Barbara.<span></span></p>
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<div><font color="#0000ff" size="2"><b><font face="georgia,
serif">Ms.
Consuelo
Rivera </font><br />
<font face="georgia,
serif">Graduate
Program
Assistant
&</font></b></font></div>
<div><font color="#0000ff" size="2"><b><font face="georgia,
serif">Student
Programs
Manager</font></b></font></div>
<div><font size="2"><font color="#0000ff"><b><font face="georgia,
serif">UCSB
Department of
Geography</font></b></font><font color="#0000ff"><b><br />
<font face="times
new roman,
serif">1831 </font><font face="georgia,
serif">Ellison
Hall | Phone:</font></b></font> </font><font color="#0000ff"><b><font face="times
new roman,
serif" size="2">(805)
893-4944</font><font face="arial,
helvetica,
sans-serif"><font size="2"> </font><font size="4"> </font></font></b></font><br />
<a href="http://www.geog.ucsb.edu/" moz-do-not-send="true" target="1"><img height="92" moz-do-not-send="true" width="96" /></a></div>
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</p></span></div><br /><br />--<br signature="separator" /><div align="" left""=""><font face="Tahoma" size="2"><b>Jenny Dugan</b><br /></font></div><font face="Tahoma" size="2">Marine Science Institute<br />University of California<br />Santa Barbara, CA 93106-6150<br />Phone: 805-893-2675</font><font face="Tahoma" size="2"><font #191970""="" color=""><font color="#000000"><br />email: j_dugan@lifesci.ucsb.edu<br /></font></font></font><font face="Tahoma" size="2"><a href="" http:="" index.html""="" sbc.lternet.edu="">http://msi.ucsb.edu/people/research-scientists/jenny-dugan </a></font><font 2""="" face="Tahoma" size=""><font #191970""="" color=""><font size="2"> </font><br /></font></font><font color="#2f4f4f" face="Tahoma" size="2"><a href="" http:="" index.html""="" sbc.lternet.edu=""><font color="#000000">SBC LTER:</font> </a></font><font face="Tahoma" size="2"><a href="" http:="" index.html""="" sbc.lternet.edu=""> http://sbc.lternet.edu/index.html</a></font><font face="Tahoma" size="2"> </font><br /><div><span style="line-height:9px;font-family:arial,sans-serif"><font size="2">Explore Beaches!</font> <a href="http://explorebeaches.msi.ucsb.edu/" target="_blank"><font size="1">http://explorebeaches.msi.ucsb.edu/</font></a></span></div></span>