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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Sharing.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><img width="69" height="65" style="width:.7187in;height:.677in" id="_x0000_i1034" src="cid:image001.png@01D1FEAC.5C6E0840" alt="Forest Service Shield"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Grizelle González, PhD
<br>
Project Leader<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Forest Service
<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#28742E">International Institute of Tropical Forestry, Research<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">p: 787-764-7800
<br>
<a href="mailto:ggonzalez@fs.fed.us">ggonzalez@fs.fed.us</a><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">Jardín Botánico Sur 1201 Calle Ceiba
<br>
San Juan, PR 00926-1119<br>
<a href="http://www.fs.fed.us/">www.fs.fed.us</a> <br>
</span><a href="http://usda.gov/"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="20" height="14" style="width:.2083in;height:.1458in" id="_x0000_i1033" src="cid:image002.png@01D1FEAC.5C6E0840" alt="http://wwwstatic.fs.usda.gov/images/email/usda-logo.png"></span></a><a href="https://twitter.com/forestservice"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="19" height="16" style="width:.1979in;height:.1666in" id="_x0000_i1032" src="cid:image003.png@01D1FEAC.5C6E0840" alt="Twitter Logo"></span></a><a href="http://facebook.com/USDA"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="16" height="16" style="width:.1666in;height:.1666in" id="_x0000_i1031" src="cid:image004.png@01D1FEAC.5C6E0840" alt="Facebook Logo"></span></a><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#28742E">Caring for the land and serving people<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> Gould, William - FS
<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Thursday, August 25, 2016 8:44 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Quinones, Maya -FS <mquinones@fs.fed.us>; 'Gary Potts (gary.s.potts@gmail.com)' <gary.s.potts@gmail.com>; Jacobs, Kasey R -FS <kaseyrjacobs@fs.fed.us>; Pares Ramos, Isabel - FS <iparesramos@fs.fed.us>; Alvarez-Berrios, Nora - FS <nalvarezberrios@fs.fed.us>;
josh.fain@yale.edu; Sandra A Soto-Bayó <sandra.soto.bayo@gmail.com>; jkcostan@ncsu.edu; 'Adam Terando (ajterand@ncsu.edu)' <ajterand@ncsu.edu>; Jaime Collazo <jcollazo@ncsu.edu>; Gonzalez, Grizelle -FS <ggonzalez@fs.fed.us><br>
<b>Subject:</b> FW: From ClimateWire -- SCIENCE: Scientists highlight natural areas so they don't 'go away'<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Congratulations to Jennifer Costanza and the co authors (second link mentioned in ClimateWire article).<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Nice to see PR and the USVI included!<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Sincerely,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">BG<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Costanza, Jennifer, Beck, Scott, Pyne, Milo, Terando, Adam, Rubino, Matthew, White, Rickie, and Collazo, Jaime, 2016, Assessing climate-sensitive ecosystems in the Southeastern United States: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1073,
278 p., <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161073">http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161073</a>.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1828/pp1828.pdf">http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1828/pp1828.pdf</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1073/ofr20161073.pdf">http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1073/ofr20161073.pdf</a><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#365F91">************************************************<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555"><img border="0" width="69" height="65" style="width:.7187in;height:.677in" id="Picture_x0020_4" src="cid:image001.png@01D1FEAC.5C6E0840" alt="Forest Service Shield"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">William A. Gould, Research Ecologist<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Director, USDA Caribbean Climate Hub <b><o:p></o:p></b></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Forest Service<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#28742E">International Institute of Tropical Forestry<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">p: 787-764-7790<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">c: 787-402-9955 <br>
f: 787-766-6302 <br>
</span></b><a href="mailto:wgould@fs.fed.us"><b><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#336633;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;text-decoration:none">wgould@fs.fed.us</span></b></a><b><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">1201 Calle Ceiba <br>
Río Piedras, PR 00926<br>
</span><a href="http://www.fs.fed.us/"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#336633;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">www.fs.fed.us</span></a><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/International+Institute+of+Tropical+Forestry/@18.389251,-66.0574387,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x8c03687ba825d0e1:0xa90f7192b3a689dc!8m2!3d18.389251!4d-66.05525"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Google
Map</span></a><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555"><br>
</span><a href="http://usda.gov/"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#336633;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="20" height="14" style="width:.2083in;height:.1458in" id="Picture_x0020_3" src="cid:image002.png@01D1FEAC.5C6E0840" alt="http://wwwstatic.fs.usda.gov/images/email/usda-logo.png"></span></a><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555"> </span><a href="https://twitter.com/forestservice"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#336633;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="19" height="16" style="width:.1979in;height:.1666in" id="Picture_x0020_2" src="cid:image003.png@01D1FEAC.5C6E0840" alt="Twitter Logo"></span></a><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555"> </span><a href="http://facebook.com/USDA"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#336633;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="16" height="16" style="width:.1666in;height:.1666in" id="_x0000_i1028" src="cid:image004.png@01D1FEAC.5C6E0840" alt="Facebook Logo"></span></a><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#28742E">Caring for the land and serving people<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#365F91">************************************************<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> wgould [<a href="mailto:email_this@eenews.net">mailto:email_this@eenews.net</a>]
<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Thursday, August 25, 2016 8:35 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Gould, William - FS <<a href="mailto:wgould@fs.fed.us">wgould@fs.fed.us</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> From ClimateWire -- SCIENCE: Scientists highlight natural areas so they don't 'go away'<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<span style="font-size:1.0pt;color:white">Scientists highlight natural areas so they don't 'go away'
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">This ClimateWire story was sent to you by:</span></strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">
<span class="hd-atlnk"><a href="mailto:wgould@fs.fed.us">wgould@fs.fed.us</a></span>
<br>
<br>
<strong><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Personal message:</span></strong> t est
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<b><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#4349AA">SCIENCE:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">
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</span><span class="hdln"><b><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Scientists highlight natural areas so they don't 'go away'</span></b></span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">
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<a href="http://www.eenews.net/staff/Brittany_Patterson"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555;text-decoration:none">Brittany Patterson</span></b></a><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">,
E&E reporter <o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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<i><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">Published: Monday, August 15, 2016
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<span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">From the limestone shrubland of central Texas to the forested bluffs on the east Gulf Coast, biodiverse ecosystems in the southeast United States are vulnerable to climate change, according to two
new reports by the U.S. Geological Survey.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:10.5pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin-left:0in;line-height:15.0pt;mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-hspace:2.25pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column;mso-height-rule:exactly">
<span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">The research aims to lay out how climate change is affecting the region's varied ecosystems for land managers, conservationists, state officials and outdoor enthusiasts, all of whom are at the forefront
of protecting the land.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:10.5pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin-left:0in;line-height:15.0pt;mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-hspace:2.25pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column;mso-height-rule:exactly">
<span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">One </span><a href="http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1828/pp1828.pdf"><b><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#990000">report</span></b></a><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">
focused on so-called insular, or isolated, ecosystems. The </span><a href="http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1073/ofr20161073.pdf"><b><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#990000">other</span></b></a><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">
looked more broadly at the climate sensitivity of environments across the Southeast.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:10.5pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin-left:0in;line-height:15.0pt;mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-hspace:2.25pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column;mso-height-rule:exactly">
<span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">"Part of what is exciting about this research is that it has wrapped together a lot of information about pretty obscure ecosystems into one place," said Gerard McMahon, director of the Southeast
Climate Science Center. "It illustrates there are some amazingly cool ecosystems out there from a biodiversity standpoint, and if we don't pay attention to them, maybe they go away."<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:10.5pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin-left:0in;line-height:15.0pt;mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-hspace:2.25pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column;mso-height-rule:exactly">
<span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Assembled by scientists at the Southeast Climate Science Center, one of eight regional science hubs established by the Interior Department in 2009, the reports draw on scientific literature and geographical
information system (GIS) data to highlight the climate change vulnerability of 19 diverse ecosystems across 12 Southern states.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:10.5pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin-left:0in;line-height:15.0pt;mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-hspace:2.25pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column;mso-height-rule:exactly">
<span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">The authors assessed the degree to which species in an ecosystem will be affected by climate, how likely future climate change could affect the environment and how much adaptive capacity the ecosystem
is expected to have.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:10.5pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin-left:0in;line-height:15.0pt;mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-hspace:2.25pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column;mso-height-rule:exactly">
<span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">In February, the southeast United States was labeled a world hot spot for biodiversity. On a regional level, the South is home to pockets of land ranging in size from thousands of miles to just tens
of feet. Many are rich in plant and animal species.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h3 style="line-height:17.25pt;mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-hspace:2.25pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column;mso-height-rule:exactly">
<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Biodiversity is the goal<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">The glades and woodlands in the limestone basin of central Tennessee is one of the ecosystems. It's a grassy, rocky shrubland ecosystem with thin soil that, despite being comprised of drought-tolerant
species, is highly vulnerable, researchers found.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:10.5pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin-left:0in;line-height:15.0pt;mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-hspace:2.25pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column;mso-height-rule:exactly">
<span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">An increase in fire, human encroachment, higher temperatures and possibly a lack of summer precipitation could negatively affect eastern red cedar, the linchpin tree species of the ecosystem. This
could allow other species to move in and threaten the ecological balance.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:10.5pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin-left:0in;line-height:15.0pt;mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-hspace:2.25pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column;mso-height-rule:exactly">
<span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Jennifer Costanza, lead author of one of the reports and a scientist with North Carolina State University, said in a statement that many of the ecosystems are already at risk from urbanization and
other human land-use policies.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:10.5pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin-left:0in;line-height:15.0pt;mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-hspace:2.25pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column;mso-height-rule:exactly">
<span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">"Identifying the ecosystems at risk from climate change will help inform conservation and management to ensure we don't lose that biodiversity," she said.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:10.5pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin-left:0in;line-height:15.0pt;mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-hspace:2.25pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column;mso-height-rule:exactly">
<span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Both reports say much needs to be learned. The researchers say future investigations might delve into understanding how changes to hydrological cycles could affect ecosystems and how climate change
could change the way species interact with each other, including in the pollination of plants.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:10.5pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin-left:0in;line-height:15.0pt;mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-hspace:2.25pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column;mso-height-rule:exactly">
<span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">McMahon said he hopes the reports can be circulated among people working to conserve the forests, swamps and coastlines of the region, like landscape conservation cooperatives. They represent partnerships
between federal agencies, state and local governments, tribes, nongovernmental groups, and others that coordinate climate adaptation.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="mso-margin-top-alt:10.5pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin-left:0in;line-height:15.0pt;mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-hspace:2.25pt;mso-element-wrap:around;mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column;mso-height-rule:exactly">
<span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">"These reports are a pretty good example of that pre-decision, get-your-heads-around-what-might-be-coming-down-the-pike mentality," he said. "Going forward, this stuff might help landscape conservation
cooperatives and stakeholder groups now start to say 'ecosystem X or this assemblage of plant species Y, we see from these reports we should be concerned about them, and they matter to us and our stakeholders.'"<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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